| Choose the best answer to complete the sentence. Ready? |
| Claudia está (pause with a tap of the finger) su habitación ahora. |
| Claudia está (pause with a tap of the finger) su habitación ahora. |
| limpiando |
| limpiando |
| Claudia está limpiando su habitación ahora. |
| Claudia está limpiando su habitación ahora. |
| "Claudia is cleaning her room now." |
| We use limpiando in this sentence because it's the gerund form of the verb limpiar, meaning "to clean," and it follows the verb está in the present progressive tense to show that the action is happening right now. |
| Limpia is not correct because it's the present simple form. |
| Limpio is not correct because it's the first-person singular form and doesn't match the subject. |
| Choose the best answer to complete the sentence. Ready? |
| ¿Estás (pause with a tap of the finger) por teléfono con tu mamá? |
| ¿Estás (pause with a tap of the finger) por teléfono con tu mamá? |
| hablando |
| hablando |
| ¿Estás hablando por teléfono con tu mamá? |
| ¿Estás hablando por teléfono con tu mamá? |
| "Are you talking on the phone with your mom?" |
| We use hablando in this sentence because it's the gerund of hablar, meaning "to talk." It pairs with estás to express an action happening right now. |
| Habla is not correct because it's present simple, not progressive. |
| Hablaste is not correct because it's in the past tense. |
| Choose the best answer to complete the sentence. Ready? |
| Mis primos están (pause with a tap of the finger) videojuegos en la sala. |
| Mis primos están (pause with a tap of the finger) videojuegos en la sala. |
| jugando |
| jugando |
| Mis primos están jugando videojuegos en la sala. |
| Mis primos están jugando videojuegos en la sala. |
| "My cousins are playing video games in the living room." |
| We use jugando in this sentence because it's the gerund of jugar, meaning "to play," and it's used here with están to show the present progressive action. |
| Juegan is not correct because it's in the present simple. |
| Jugué is not correct because it's the past tense, first-person singular. |
| Unscramble the words to make a sentence. |
| Ready? |
| Estoy |
| Estoy escribiendo |
| Estoy escribiendo un |
| Estoy escribiendo un correo |
| Estoy escribiendo un correo para |
| Estoy escribiendo un correo para mi |
| Estoy escribiendo un correo para mi jefe. |
| "I'm writing an email for my boss." |
| Estoy escribiendo un correo para mi jefe. |
| Choose the best answer to complete the sentence. Ready? |
| Estamos (preparado or preparando) una presentación para mañana. |
| Estamos (preparado or preparando) una presentación para mañana. |
| preparando |
| preparando |
| Estamos preparando una presentación para mañana. |
| "We are preparing a presentation for tomorrow." |
| Preparando is used here because it's the gerund form of preparar, meaning "preparing." It works with estamos to form the present progressive, which expresses an action happening right now. |
| Preparado is not correct because it's the past participle, not the -ing form. |
| Choose the best answer to complete the sentence. Ready? |
| Mi abuela está (cocinando or cocinó) su receta favorita. |
| Mi abuela está (cocinando or cocinó) su receta favorita. |
| cocinando |
| cocinando |
| Mi abuela está cocinando su receta favorita. |
| "My grandmother is cooking her favorite recipe." |
| Cocinando is used here because it's the gerund form of cocinar, and pairs with está to describe what someone is doing right now. |
| Cocinó is not correct because it's the simple past form, and doesn't fit with está in this sentence. |
| Let's translate some sentences into Spanish. |
| Translate "The students are taking notes in class." into Spanish. |
| Los estudiantes, the subject noun phrase, "The students" |
| followed by |
| están, the third person plural form of the verb estar, meaning "are," |
| next |
| tomando, the gerund form of tomar, meaning "taking," |
| followed by |
| apuntes, a plural noun meaning "notes," |
| next |
| en clase, a prepositional phrase meaning "in class." |
| This sentence follows the estar + gerund pattern to express what the students are doing right now. |
| Los estudiantes están tomando apuntes en clase. |
| Los estudiantes están tomando apuntes en clase. |
| "The students are taking notes in class." |
| Translate "I'm looking for my keys all over the house." into Spanish. |
| Estoy, the first person singular form of estar, meaning "I am," |
| followed by |
| buscando, the gerund form of buscar, meaning "looking for," |
| next |
| mis llaves, a noun phrase meaning "my keys," |
| followed by |
| por toda la casa, a prepositional phrase meaning "all over the house." |
| The verb phrase estoy buscando shows that the action is currently in progress. |
| Estoy buscando mis llaves por toda la casa. |
| Estoy buscando mis llaves por toda la casa. |
| "I'm looking for my keys all over the house." |
| Translate "Are you all watching the new series?" into Spanish. |
| ¿Ustedes, the subject pronoun meaning "you all," |
| followed by |
| están, the third person plural of estar, meaning "are," |
| next |
| viendo, the gerund form of ver, meaning "watching," |
| followed by |
| la serie nueva, a noun phrase meaning "the new series." |
| This yes–no question also uses the estar + gerund structure to ask about an action happening right now. |
| ¿Ustedes están viendo la serie nueva? |
| ¿Ustedes están viendo la serie nueva? |
| "Are you all watching the new series?" |
| Listen to me as I speak. Which action is mentioned in the sentences? |
| Claudia está limpiando su habitación ahora. |
| Let's listen one more time. |
| Claudia está limpiando su habitación ahora. |
| Did you hear limpiando? |
| Limpiando, meaning "cleaning," is the gerund form of the verb limpiar. |
| How about...? |
| Estoy escribiendo un correo para mi jefe. |
| Let's listen one more time. |
| Estoy escribiendo un correo para mi jefe. |
| Did you hear escribiendo? |
| Escribiendo, meaning "writing," is the gerund form of escribir. |
| Next… |
| Estamos preparando una presentación para mañana. |
| One more time. |
| Estamos preparando una presentación para mañana. |
| Did you hear preparando? |
| Preparando, meaning "preparing," is the gerund form of preparar. |
| And... |
| ¿Ustedes están viendo la serie nueva? |
| One more time. |
| ¿Ustedes están viendo la serie nueva? |
| Did you hear viendo? |
| Viendo, meaning "watching," is the gerund of ver. |
| Thank you for watching. |
| Now you know how to talk about what someone is doing right now in Spanish. |
| ...and now you can move on to the next lesson in the pathway. |
| Nos vemos. |
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